Article
Wheeler M (2020) Deceptive Appearances: the Turing Test, Response-Dependence, and Intelligence as an Emotional Concept. Minds and Machines, 30 (4), pp. 513-532. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-020-09533-8
http://www.stir.ac.uk/people/mwwheeler
Prior to joining the Stirling Philosophy Department in 2004, I held teaching and research posts at the Universities of Dundee, Oxford, and Stirling (a previous appointment). My doctoral work was carried out at the University of Sussex. I have given invited papers at symposia and conferences all over the UK, and in Austria, Belgium, Canada, Croatia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, South Africa, Spain and the USA. Symposia specifically on my work have been organised by philosophy departments at the Goethe University of Frankfurt, the Free University of Amsterdam, and Tilburg University. I am currently Co-I on The History of Distributed Cognition', a multi-institutional and multi-disciplinary project spanning Edinburgh, Durham, Oxford and Stirling, and Classics, English, History and Philosophy. Our project partner is the National Museums of Scotland. I am also scientific consultant on the John Templeton Foundation funded project ‘Knowledge Beyond Natural Science' (Principal Investigator Crispin Wright, Stirling). I held previous AHRC awards for individual research leave and for a series of interdisciplinary seminars on ‘The Interactive Mind' as part of the Council's programme of strategic initiatives. I was also a steering committee member of ‘Cognitive Futures in the Humanities', an AHRC funded network with the goal of bringing cognitive science and the humanities into productive interaction. I have acted as external examiner for Doctoral theses at the University of London (6 theses), the University of Edinburgh (6), the University of Sussex (5), the University of Oxford (1), the University of Sheffield (1), the University of York (1), the Open University (1), Kent University (1), Macquarie University (1), and the University of Melbourne (1).
My primary research interests are in philosophy of science (especially cognitive science, psychology, biology and artificial intelligence) and philosophy of mind. I am also interested in developing philosophical ideas at the interface between the analytic and the continental traditions in philosophy. My current research is focussed on two areas.
The Art of Distributed Cognition
PI: Dr Miranda Anderson
Funded by: Arts and Humanities Research Council
–
CRF/RSE European Visiting Research Fellowship - Massimiliano Cappuccio
PI: Professor Michael Wheeler
Funded by: The Royal Society of Edinburgh
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Article
Wheeler M (2020) Deceptive Appearances: the Turing Test, Response-Dependence, and Intelligence as an Emotional Concept. Minds and Machines, 30 (4), pp. 513-532. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-020-09533-8
Article
The Reappearing Tool: Transparency, Smart Technology, and the Extended Mind
Wheeler M (2019) The Reappearing Tool: Transparency, Smart Technology, and the Extended Mind. AI and Society, 34 (4), pp. 857-866. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-018-0824-x
Edited Book
Distributed Cognition in Enlightenment and Romantic Culture
Anderson M, Rousseau G & Wheeler M (eds.) (2019) Distributed Cognition in Enlightenment and Romantic Culture. The Edinburgh History of Distributed Cognition Series. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. https://edinburghuniversitypress.com/book-distributed-cognition-in-enlightenment-and-romantic-culture.html
Edited Book
Distributed Cognition in Medieval and Renaissance Culture
Anderson M & Wheeler M (eds.) (2019) Distributed Cognition in Medieval and Renaissance Culture. The Edinburgh History of Distributed Cognition Series. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. https://edinburghuniversitypress.com/book-distributed-cognition-in-medieval-and-renaissance-culture.html
Manual / Guide
The Extended Mind Exhibition Guide
Clegg J, Anderson M & Wheeler M (2019) The Extended Mind Exhibition Guide. p. 48.
Book Chapter
Breaking the Waves: Beyond Parity and Complementarity in the Arguments for Extended Cognition
Wheeler M (2019) Breaking the Waves: Beyond Parity and Complementarity in the Arguments for Extended Cognition. In: Colombo M, Irvine L & Stapleton M (eds.) Andy Clark and his Critics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 81-97. https://global.oup.com/academic/product/andy-clark-and-his-critics-9780190662813?cc=gb&lang=en&
Book Chapter
Distributed cognition and the humanities
Anderson M, Wheeler M & Sprevak M (2018) Distributed cognition and the humanities. In: Anderson M, Cairns D & Sprevak M (eds.) Distributed Cognition in Classical Antiquity. The Edinburgh History of Distributed Cognition Series. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, pp. 1-17. https://edinburghuniversitypress.com/book-distributed-cognition-in-classical-antiquity.html
Article
Minding Nature: Gallagher and the Relevance of Phenomenology to Cognitive Science
Clavel Vázquez MJ & Wheeler M (2018) Minding Nature: Gallagher and the Relevance of Phenomenology to Cognitive Science. Australasian Philosophical Review, 2 (2), pp. 145-158. https://doi.org/10.1080/24740500.2018.1552085
Book Chapter
Knowledge, Credit, and the Extended Mind, or what Calvisius Sabinus got Right
Wheeler M (2018) Knowledge, Credit, and the Extended Mind, or what Calvisius Sabinus got Right. In: Carter A, Clark A, Kallestrup J, Palermos S & Pritchard D (eds.) Extended Epistemology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 147-161. https://global.oup.com/academic/product/extended-epistemology-9780198769811?cc=gb〈=en&
Other
The Extended Cognition Hypothesis: Chapter 2 of draft book manuscript on the extended mind
Wheeler M The Extended Cognition Hypothesis: Chapter 2 of draft book manuscript on the extended mind.
Other
Sameness and Difference: Chapter 3 of draft book manuscript on the extended mind
Wheeler M Sameness and Difference: Chapter 3 of draft book manuscript on the extended mind.
Other
On Your Marks: Chapter 4 of draft book manuscript on the extended mind
Wheeler M On Your Marks: Chapter 4 of draft book manuscript on the extended mind.
Other
Making Your Mind Up: Chapter 5 of draft book manuscript on the extended mind
Wheeler M Making Your Mind Up: Chapter 5 of draft book manuscript on the extended mind.
Other
Bibliography for draft book manuscript chapters on the extended mind available on this resource
Wheeler M Bibliography for draft book manuscript chapters on the extended mind available on this resource.
Book Chapter
Talking about more than Heads: the Embodied, Embedded and Extended Creative Mind
Wheeler M (2018) Talking about more than Heads: the Embodied, Embedded and Extended Creative Mind. In: Gaut B & Kieran M (eds.) Creativity and Philosophy. London: Routledge, pp. 230-250. https://www.routledge.com/Creativity-and-Philosophy/Gaut-Kieran/p/book/9781138827684
Book Chapter
The Edge of Thought: Extended Cognition and the Border between Mind and World
Wheeler M (2017) The Edge of Thought: Extended Cognition and the Border between Mind and World. In: Gardini N, Jacobs A, Morgan B, Omri M & Reynolds M (eds.) Minding Borders: Resilient Divisions in Literature, the Body and the Academy. Transcript, 5. Cambridge: Legenda. http://www.mhra.org.uk/publications/Minding-Borders
Website Content
Wheeler M (2017) The Being of Replicants. The Institute of Art and Ideas website, news section, Philosophy for, 24.10.2017. https://iainews.iai.tv/articles/the-being- of-replicants-auid-911.
Article
Wheeler M (2017) The Revolution will not be Optimised: Radical Enactivism, Extended Functionalism and the Extensive Mind. Topoi, 36 (3), pp. 457-472. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11245-015-9356-x
Article
The Recent Engagement between Analytic Philosophy and Heideggerian Thought: Metaphysics and Mind
Casati F & Wheeler M (2016) The Recent Engagement between Analytic Philosophy and Heideggerian Thought: Metaphysics and Mind. Philosophy Compass, 11 (9), pp. 486-498. https://doi.org/10.1111/phc3.12345
Book Chapter
A Tale of Two Dilemmas: Cognitive Kinds and the Extended Mind
Wheeler M (2015) A Tale of Two Dilemmas: Cognitive Kinds and the Extended Mind. In: Kendig C (ed.) Natural Kinds and Classification in Scientific Practice. History and Philosophy of Biology. London: Routledge, pp. 175-185. https://www.routledge.com/Natural-Kinds-and-Classification-in-Scientific-Practice/Kendig/p/book/9781848935402
Article
Extended Consciousness: an Interim Report
Wheeler M (2015) Extended Consciousness: an Interim Report. Southern Journal of Philosophy, 53 (Supplement S1), pp. 155-175. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjp.12124
Article
Wheeler M (2015) Not What it’s Like but Where it’s Like: Phenomenal Consciousness, Sensory Substitution and the Extended Mind. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 22 (3-4), pp. 129-147. http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/imp/jcs/2015/00000022/F0020003/art00008
Book Chapter
Revolution, Reform, or Business as Usual? The Future Prospects for Embodied Cognition
Wheeler M (2014) Revolution, Reform, or Business as Usual? The Future Prospects for Embodied Cognition. In: Shapiro L (ed.) The Routledge Handbook of Embodied Cognition. Routledge Handbooks in Philosophy. London: Routledge, pp. 374-383. https://www.routledge.com/The-Routledge-Handbook-of-Embodied-Cognition/Shapiro/p/book/9780415623612
Book Chapter
The Rest is Science: What Does Phenomenology Tell Us About Cognition?
Wheeler M (2014) The Rest is Science: What Does Phenomenology Tell Us About Cognition?. In: Feldges T, Gray J & Burwood S (eds.) Subjectivity and the Social World. Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, pp. 23-38. http://www.cambridgescholars.com/subjectivity-and-the-social-world
Book Chapter
Is Cognition Embedded or Extended? The Case of Gestures
Wheeler M (2013) Is Cognition Embedded or Extended? The Case of Gestures. In: Radman Z (ed.) The Hand, an Organ of the Mind: What the Manual tells the Mental. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 269-301. http://mitpress.mit.edu/node/198189
Book Chapter
Science Friction: Phenomenology, Naturalism and Cognitive Science
Wheeler M (2013) Science Friction: Phenomenology, Naturalism and Cognitive Science. In: Carel H & Meacham D (eds.) Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement, Vol.72: Phenomenology and Naturalism. Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement, vol. 72. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 135-167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1358246113000076
Edited Book
Heidegger and Cognitive Science
Kiverstein J & Wheeler M (eds.) (2012) Heidegger and Cognitive Science. New Directions in Philosophy and Cognitive Science. Basingstoke: Palgrave-Macmillan. http://www.palgrave.com/products/title.aspx?pid=297771
Book Chapter
Naturalizing Dasein and other (Alleged) Heresies
Wheeler M (2012) Naturalizing Dasein and other (Alleged) Heresies. In: Kiverstein J & Wheeler M (eds.) Heidegger and Cognitive Science. New Directions in Philosophy and Cognitive Science. Basingstoke: Palgrave-Macmillan, pp. 176-212. http://www.palgrave.com/products/title.aspx?pid=297771
Book Chapter
Ground-Level Intelligence: Action-Oriented Representation and the Dynamics of the Background
Cappuccio M & Wheeler M (2012) Ground-Level Intelligence: Action-Oriented Representation and the Dynamics of the Background. In: Radman Z (ed.) Knowing without Thinking: Mind, Action, Cognition and the Phenomenon of the Background. New Directions in Philosophy and Cognitive Science. Basingstoke: Palgrave-Macmillan, pp. 13-36. http://www.palgrave.com/products/title.aspx?pid=484963
Book Chapter
Embodied Cognition and the Extended Mind
Wheeler M (2011) Embodied Cognition and the Extended Mind. In: Garvey J (ed.) The Continuum Companion to Philosophy of Mind. Bloomsbury Companions. London: Continuum, pp. 220-238. http://www.bloomsbury.com/us/the-continuum-companion-to-philosophy-of-mind-9780826431882/
Book Chapter
Existentialism and Cognitive Science
Wheeler M & Di Paolo E (2011) Existentialism and Cognitive Science. In: Joseph F, Reynolds J & Woodward A (eds.) The Continuum Companion to Existentialism. Bloomsbury Companions. London: Continuum, pp. 241-259. http://www.bloomsbury.com/us/the-continuum-companion-to-existentialism-9780826438454/
Article
The Sign of the Hand: Symbolic Practices and the Extended Mind
Cappuccio M & Wheeler M (2011) The Sign of the Hand: Symbolic Practices and the Extended Mind. Versus: Quaderni di Studi Semiotici, 112-113, pp. 33-55. http://versus.ddc.unibo.it/arc3b.php?indice=404
Article
Thinking Beyond the Brain: Educating and Building from the Standpoint of Extended Cognition
Wheeler M (2011) Thinking Beyond the Brain: Educating and Building from the Standpoint of Extended Cognition. Computational Culture, (1). http://computationalculture.net/article/beyond-the-brain
Book Chapter
Wheeler M (2011) Martin Heidegger. In: Zalta E (ed.) Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Spring 2013 ed. Stanford, CA, USA: The Metaphysics Research Lab. http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2013/entries/heidegger/
Article
Mind in Life or Life in Mind? Making Sense of Deep Continuity
Wheeler M (2011) Mind in Life or Life in Mind? Making Sense of Deep Continuity. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 18 (5-6), pp. 148-168. http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/imp/jcs/2011/00000018/f0020005
Article
In search of clarity about parity
Wheeler M (2011) In search of clarity about parity. Philosophical Studies, 152 (3), pp. 417-425. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11098-010-9601-5
Book Chapter
Wheeler M (2010) The Problem of Representation. In: Gallagher S & Schmicking D (eds.) Handbook of Phenomenology and Cognitive Science. Berlin: Springer, pp. 318-336. http://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-90-481-2646-0/page/1
Book Chapter
In Defense of Extended Functionalism
Wheeler M (2010) In Defense of Extended Functionalism. In: Menary R (ed.) The Extended Mind. Life and Mind series: Philosophical Issues in Biology and Psychology. Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press, pp. 245-270. http://mitpress.mit.edu/books/extended-mind
Book Chapter
Wheeler M (2010) Minds, Things and Materiality. In: Malafouris L & Renfrew C (eds.) The Cognitive Life of Things: Recasting the Boundaries of the Mind. McDonald Institute monographs. Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research Publications, pp. 29-37. http://www.oxbowbooks.com/oxbow/cognitive-life-of-things.html
Book Chapter
When the Twain Meet: Could the Study of Mind be a Meeting of Minds?
Cappuccio M & Wheeler M (2010) When the Twain Meet: Could the Study of Mind be a Meeting of Minds?. In: Reynolds J, Chase J, Williams J & Mares E (eds.) Postanalytic and Metacontinental: Crossing Philosophical Divides. Continuum Studies in Philosophy. London: Continuum, pp. 125-144. http://www.bloomsbury.com/us/postanalytic-and-metacontinental-9780826424419/
Article
Plastic Machines: Behavioural Diversity and the Turing Test
Wheeler M (2010) Plastic Machines: Behavioural Diversity and the Turing Test. Kybernetes, 39 (3), pp. 466-480. http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?issn=0368-492x; https://doi.org/10.1108/03684921011036187
Article
Wheeler M (2009) The Devils in the Details: a Response to Kiverstein's 'Minimal Sense of Self, Temporality and the Brain'. Psyche, 15 (1), pp. 75-81. http://www.theassc.org/vol_15_no_1_2009
Book Chapter
Evolutionary Models in Psychology
Wheeler M (2009) Evolutionary Models in Psychology. In: Symons J & Calvo P (eds.) The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Psychology. Routledge Philosophy Companions. Abingdon: Taylor & Francis (Routledge), pp. 416-429. http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415396325/
Book Chapter
God’s Machines: Descartes on the Mechanization of Mind
Wheeler M (2008) God’s Machines: Descartes on the Mechanization of Mind. In: Husbands P, Holland O & Wheeler M (eds.) The Mechanical Mind in History. Bradford Books. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, pp. 307-330. http://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262083775/
Article
The Fourth Way: A Comment on Halpin's "Philosophical Engineering"
Wheeler M (2008) The Fourth Way: A Comment on Halpin's "Philosophical Engineering". APA Newsletters, 8 (1), pp. 9-12. http://www.apaonline.org/publications/newsletters/index.aspx
Edited Book
The Mechanical Mind in History
Husbands P, Holland O & Wheeler M (eds.) (2008) The Mechanical Mind in History. Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press. http://mitpress.mit.edu/books/mechanical-mind-history
Article
Culture, Embodiment and Genes: Unravelling the Triple Helix
Wheeler M & Clark A (2008) Culture, Embodiment and Genes: Unravelling the Triple Helix. Philosophical Transactions B: Biological Sciences, 363 (1509), pp. 3563-3575. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0135
Article
Cognition in Context: Phenomenology, Situated Robotics and the Frame Problem
Wheeler M (2008) Cognition in Context: Phenomenology, Situated Robotics and the Frame Problem. International Journal of Philosophical Studies, 16 (3), pp. 323-349. https://doi.org/10.1080/09672550802113235
Article
Minimal Representing: A Response to Gallagher
Wheeler M (2008) Minimal Representing: A Response to Gallagher. International Journal of Philosophical Studies, 16 (3), pp. 371-376. https://doi.org/10.1080/09672550802113276
Book Chapter
Is Language the Ultimate Artefact?
Wheeler M (2007) Is Language the Ultimate Artefact?. In: Wallace B, Ross A, Davies JB & Anderson T (eds.) The Mind, the Body and the World: Psychology After Cognitivism?. Exeter: Imprint Academic, pp. 269-308. http://www.booksonix.com/imprint/bookshop/
Book Chapter
Wheeler M (2007) Traits, Genes, and Coding. In: Matthen M, Stephens C, Gabbay DM, Thagard P & Woods J (eds.) Philosophy of Biology. Handbook of the Philosophy of Science. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 369-399. http://www.elsevierdirect.com/product.jsp?isbn=9780444515438; https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-044451543-8/50019-8
Book Chapter
Continuity in Question: An afterword to 'Is Language the Ultimate Artefact?'
Wheeler M (2007) Continuity in Question: An afterword to 'Is Language the Ultimate Artefact?'. In: Wallace B, Ross A, Davies J & Anderson T (eds.) The Mind, the Body and the World: Psychology After Cognitivism?. Exeter: Imprint Academic, pp. 298-306. http://www.booksonix.com/imprint/bookshop/
Authored Book
Reconstructing the Cognitive World: the Next Step
Wheeler M (2005) Reconstructing the Cognitive World: the Next Step. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. http://mitpress.mit.edu/books/reconstructing-cognitive-world
Article
Under Darwin’s Cosh: Neo-Aristotelian Thinking in Environmental Ethics
Wheeler M (2005) Under Darwin’s Cosh: Neo-Aristotelian Thinking in Environmental Ethics. Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplements, 56, pp. 22-23. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1358246105056122
Article
Friends Reunited? Evolutionary Robotics and Representational Explanation
Wheeler M (2005) Friends Reunited? Evolutionary Robotics and Representational Explanation. Artificial Life, 11 (1-2), pp. 215-231. https://doi.org/10.1162/1064546053278937
Article
Is language the ultimate artefact?
Wheeler M (2004) Is language the ultimate artefact?. Language Sciences, 26 (6), pp. 693-715. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.langsci.2004.09.011
Article
The Grain of Domains: The Evolutionary-Psychological Case Against Domain-General Cognition
Atkinson A & Wheeler M (2004) The Grain of Domains: The Evolutionary-Psychological Case Against Domain-General Cognition. Mind and Language, 19 (2), pp. 147-176. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0017.2004.00252.x