Implementation of a national smoke-free prison policy: an economic evaluation within the Tobacco in Prisons (TIPs) study

Citation

McMeekin N, Wu O, Boyd K, Brown A, Tweed E, Best C, Craig P, Leyland A, Demou E, Pell J, Byrne T, Semple S, Sweeting H, Graham L & Hunt K (2022) Implementation of a national smoke-free prison policy: an economic evaluation within the Tobacco in Prisons (TIPs) study. Tobacco Control. https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-056991

Abstract
Objective To determine the cost-effectiveness of a smoke-free prison policy in Scotland, through assessments of the trade-offs between costs (healthcare and non-healthcare-related expenditure) and outcomes (health and non-health-related non-monetary consequences) of implementing the policy. Design A health economic evaluation consisting of three analyses (cost-consequence, cost-effectiveness and cost-utility), from the perspectives of the healthcare payer, prison service, people in custody and operational staff, assessed the trade-offs between costs and outcomes. Costs associated with the implementation of the policy, healthcare resource use and personal spend on nicotine products were considered, alongside health and non-health outcomes. The cost-effectiveness of the policy was evaluated over 12-month and lifetime horizons (short term and long term). Setting Scotland’s national prison estate. Participants People in custody and operational prison staff. Intervention Implementation of a comprehensive (indoor and outdoor) smoke-free policy. Main outcome measures Concentration of secondhand smoke, health-related quality of life (health utilities and quality-adjusted life-years (QALY)) and various non-health outcomes (eg, incidents of assaults and fires). Results The short-term analyses suggest cost savings for people in custody and staff, improvements in concentration of secondhand smoke, with no consistent direction of change across other outcomes. The long-term analysis demonstrated that implementing smoke-free policy was cost-effective over a lifetime for people in custody and staff, with approximate cost savings of £28 000 and £450, respectively, and improvement in health-related quality of life of 0.971 QALYs and 0.262, respectively. Conclusion Implementing a smoke-free prison policy is cost-effective over the short term and long term for people in custody and staff.

Notes
Output Status: Forthcoming/Available Online

Journal
Tobacco Control

People

Dr Catherine Best

Lecturer Statistician, Institute for Social Marketing

Ms Ashley Brown

Research Fellow, Institute for Social Marketing

Professor Kate Hunt

Professor, Institute for Social Marketing

Professor Sean Semple

Professor, Institute for Social Marketing