Evaluation of greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella) larvae as an alternate host to study the virulence of Vibrio harveyi Larve voštanog moljca (Galleria mellonella) kao alternativni model za proučavanje virulencije bakterije Vibrio harveyi

Citation

Giovanna Zupičić I, Desbois AP, Monaghan S, Oraić D, Zrnčić S, Grbin D & Alfier M (2025) Evaluation of greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella) larvae as an alternate host to study the virulence of Vibrio harveyi Larve voštanog moljca (Galleria mellonella) kao alternativni model za proučavanje virulencije bakterije Vibrio harveyi. Croatian veterinary journal, 57 (1), pp. 23-29. https://doi.org/10.46419/cvj.57.1.3

Abstract
This study evaluated the suitability of Galleria mellonella larvae as an alternative model for investigating the virulence of Vibrio harveyi, a significant fish pathogen in marine aquaculture. Traditional vertebrate models for studying aquatic pathogens are costly, raise ethical concerns, and are subject to regulatory restrictions. In contrast, G. mellonella larvae offer advantages such as low cost, minimal infrastructure requirements, rapid infection cycles, and greater ethical acceptability. Larvae were injected with V. harveyi suspensions, supernatants, or heat-killed bacteria, and survival rates were monitored. No mortality was observed in control groups or larvae injected with heat-killed bacteria, confirming that viable bacteria are necessary for pathogenic effects. Survival rates of larvae inoculated with bacterial supernatants at cfu/mL were strain-dependent but relatively high, with a range of at 168 h. The strain FR-5 exhibited no apparent pathogenicity in larvae. These findings suggest that G. mellonella may not be a reliable alternate host for studying V. harveyi infections, underlining the need to validate the suitability of alternate hosts in the study of the virulence of specific pathogenic species.

Keywords
alternate model; Croatian Adriatic Sea; Galleria mellonella; Vibrio harveyi; vibrosis

Journal
Croatian veterinary journal: Volume 57, Issue 1

• Published Version