Article
Underemployment in the United States and Europe
Bell DNF & Blanchflower DG (2021) Underemployment in the United States and Europe. ILR Review, 74 (1), pp. 56-94. https://doi.org/10.1177/0019793919886527
http://www.stir.ac.uk/people/dnfbell
David Bell was educated at Dornoch Academy, the University of Aberdeen and the London School of Economics. He was awarded a PhD at the University of Strathclyde in 1984 and has worked at the Universities of St Andrews, Strathclyde, Warwick and Glasgow. He has been Professor of Economics at the University of Stirling since 1990 specialising in labour economics and fiscal federalism. He was adviser to the Finance Committee of the Scottish Parliament from 2007 to 2013 and has provided advice to the ILO, OECD, the Scottish, Westminster and Irish Governments. In 2015, he was specialist adviser to the House of Lords Economic Affairs Committee for its investigation into the Financing of Devolution. He has appeared numerous times in the Scottish Parliament as a witness to the Economy Committee, the Health and Sport Committee, the Welfare Committee, the Devolution Committee, and the Finance Committee. He has also appeared several times as a witness at the House of Commons Scottish Affairs Committee. He is a fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, the IZA, Bonn and an Honorary Fellow of the Institute and Faculty of Actuaries. He is a member of the Centre on Constitutional Change and the Centre for Population Change and a special adviser to the David Hume Institute. He is also Principal Investigator of the Healthy AGeing In Scotland (HAGIS) survey, a longitudinal survey of older people in Scotland, which is funded by the US National Institute of Aging and the Nuffield Foundation. He has extensive media experience in Scotland and the UK as a whole.
Media I am regularly consulted by the media for expert views in relation to: youth unemployment, constitutional change, education policy and long-term care. Broadcast media appearances include BBC Radio 4, BBC Radio 5 Live, BBC Scotland News, BBC Scotland Newsnight, STV News and Channel 4. I am also a regular contributor to The Scotsman newspaper and have appeared in a number of other print publications. Other Positions and Honours 1998-2000 Member of the Care Development Group, Scottish Government 2003-2004 Member of the Range and Capacity Review Group 2003-2007 Member of the ESRC Training and Development Board 2004-2006 Member of the Joseph Rowntree Foundation Advisory Group on the Funding of Long-Term Care 2002- Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 2007-2008 Member of Lord Sutherland's Independent Review into free personal & nursing care in Scotland 2007 - Budget Adviser, Finance Committee, Scottish Parliament 2007- Fellow of the World Demographic Association 2008- Research Associate, IZA, Bonn 2008-2010 Member of Commission on Scottish Devolution Expert Group 2003-2007 Member of ESRC Training and Development Board 2011- Member of Scottish Doctoral Training Centre Board 2011- Director of Scottish Institute for Research in Economics (SIRE) Work and Well- being Programme 2011- Member of CemMap Advisory Committee (Centre for Micro-econometric Methods and Practice, Institute for Fiscal Studies) 2012 ESRC Research Fellow on Constitutional Change Awards RATE (Recognising Achievement in Teaching Excellence) awards 2012, ‘For Excellence in Postgraduate Education’ and ‘Excellence in Teaching’, in the Stirling Management School.
Labour economics Economic forecasting Fiscal federalism The economics of ageing
Extending the Pilot of the Scottish Longitudinal Survey of Ageing
PI: Professor David Bell
Funded by: The Nuffield Foundation
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The Scottish Longitudinal Survey of Ageing (THSLS)
PI: Professor David Bell
Funded by: National Institutes of Health
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The Constitutional Future of Scotland and the United Kingdom
PI: Professor David Bell
Funded by: Economic and Social Research Council
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Pathways through Health and Social Care for Older People with Dementia
PI: Professor Alasdair Rutherford
Funded by: Chief Scientist Office
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Fiscal Aspects of Constitutional Change
PI: Professor David Bell
Funded by: Economic and Social Research Council
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THe Scottish Longitudinal Survey of ageing (THSLS) - Admin Supplement
PI: Professor David Bell
Funded by: National Institutes of Health
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Self-directed support - evidence base
PI: Professor Kirstein Rummery
Funded by: Scottish Government
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Demographic Issues, Projections and Trends
PI: Professor David Bell
Funded by: Joseph Rowntree Foundation
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How Scottish teachers have fared relative to other professionals in relation to pay and hours of work since 2001
PI: Professor David Bell
Funded by: Scottish Government
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Data Management through e-Social Science: Case studies, Provisions and Support (Dames)
PI: Professor Paul Lambert
Funded by: Economic and Social Research Council
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Microsimulation modelling of the costs of elderly care.
PI: Professor David Bell
Funded by: Universities Scotland
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Shifting the Balance of Care: Agreeing Priorities and Delivering Outcomes (AP & DO)
PI: Professor David Bell
Funded by: NHS Education for Scotland
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Marking Ten Years of Devolution
PI: Professor David Bell
Funded by: Joseph Rowntree Foundation
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MethoTelemed: methodology to assess telemedicine application
PI: Professor Alison Bowes
Funded by: Norwegian Centre for Telemedicine
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Review of Gaelic Medium Early Years and Childcare Provision
PI: Dr Christine Stephen
Funded by: Bord Na Gaidhlig and Scottish Government
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Article
Underemployment in the United States and Europe
Bell DNF & Blanchflower DG (2021) Underemployment in the United States and Europe. ILR Review, 74 (1), pp. 56-94. https://doi.org/10.1177/0019793919886527
Article
Starting from scratch? A new approach to subnational public finance
Bell D, Sas W & Houston J (2020) Starting from scratch? A new approach to subnational public finance. Regional Studies. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2020.1839640
Research Report
COVID-19 mortality and long-term care: a UK comparison
Bell D, Comas-Herrera A, Henderson D, Jones S, Lemmon E, Moro M, Murphy S, O’Reilly D & Patrignani P (2020) COVID-19 mortality and long-term care: a UK comparison. LTCcovid.org. International Long-Term Care Policy Network, CPEC-LSE. https://ltccovid.org/2020/08/28/covid-19-mortality-and-long-term-care-a-uk-comparison/
Article
Bell D, Comerford D & Douglas E (2020) How Do Subjective Life Expectancies Compare with Mortality Tables? Similarities and Differences in Three National Samples. Journal of the Economics of Ageing, 16, Art. No.: 100241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeoa.2020.100241
Research Report
Deaths in Scottish care homes and COVID-19
Bell D, Henderson D & Lemmon E (2020) Deaths in Scottish care homes and COVID-19. International Long Term Care Policy Network. https://ltccovid.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Deaths-in-Scottish-care-homes-17-May.pdf
Policy Document
Scottish Care Homes and COVID-19
Bell D, Henderson D & Lemmon E (2020) Scottish Care Homes and COVID-19. University of Stirling. Stirling. https://www.stir.ac.uk/research/public-policy-hub/policy-briefings/
Article
US and UK Labour Markets before and during the Covid-19 Crash
Bell DNF & Blanchflower DG (2020) US and UK Labour Markets before and during the Covid-19 Crash. National Institute Economic Review, 252, pp. R52-R69. https://doi.org/10.1017/nie.2020.14
Website Content
Coronavirus and the UK economy
Bell D (2020) Coronavirus and the UK economy. University of Stirling Public Policy Blog [Blog Post] 16.03.2020. https://policyblog.stir.ac.uk/2020/03/16/coronavirus-and-the-uk-economy/
Article
The well-being of the overemployed and the underemployed and the rise in depression in the UK
Bell DNF & Blanchflower DG (2019) The well-being of the overemployed and the underemployed and the rise in depression in the UK. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 161, pp. 180-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2019.03.018
Policy Document
Douglas E & Bell D (2019) Older people, Social Isolation and Loneliness in Scotland Insights from the Healthy Ageing in Scotland (HAGIS) study. University of Stirling. Stirling. https://www.stir.ac.uk/research/public-policy-hub/policy-briefings/
Working Paper
Underemployment in the US and Europe
Bell DNF & Blanchflower DG (2018) Underemployment in the US and Europe. NBER Working Papers, 24927. National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/papers/w24927
Article
The Lack of Wage Growth and the Falling NAIRU
Bell DNF & Blanchflower DG (2018) The Lack of Wage Growth and the Falling NAIRU. National Institute Economic Review, 245 (1), pp. R40-R55. https://doi.org/10.1177/002795011824500114
Article
Bell D (2018) The impact imperative. Longitudinal and Life Course Studies, 9 (3), pp. 376-378. https://doi.org/10.14301/llcs.v9i3.530
Article
Underemployment and the Lack of Wage Pressure in the UK
Bell D & Blanchflower D (2018) Underemployment and the Lack of Wage Pressure in the UK. National Institute Economic Review, 243 (1), pp. R53-R61. https://doi.org/10.1177/002795011824300114
Article
Douglas E, Rutherford AC & Bell D (2018) Pilot study protocol to inform a future longitudinal study of ageing using linked administrative data: Healthy AGeing in Scotland (HAGIS). BMJ Open, 8 (1), Art. No.: e018802. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018802
Article
Haghpanahan H, Mackay DF, Pell JP, Bell D, Langley T & Haw S (2017) The Impact of TV Mass Media Campaigns on Calls to a National Quitline and the Use of Prescribed Nicotine Replacement Therapy: A Structural Vector Autoregression Analysis. Addiction, 112 (7), pp. 1229-1237. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.13793
Article
Regional aid policies after Brexit
Bell D (2017) Regional aid policies after Brexit. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 33 (Supplement 1), pp. S91-S104. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/grx019
Article
Morton A, Adler AI, Bell D, Briggs A, Brouwer W, Claxton K, Craig N, Fischer A, McGregor PG & van Baal P (2016) Unrelated Future Costs and Unrelated Future Benefits: Reflections on NICE Guide to the Methods of Technology Appraisal. Health Economics, 25 (8), pp. 933-938. https://doi.org/10.1002/hec.3366
Newspaper Article
Independent Scotland might get away with a high deficit – if it’s feeling lucky
Bell D (2016) Independent Scotland might get away with a high deficit – if it’s feeling lucky. The Conversation. 24.08.2016. https://theconversation.com/independent-scotland-might-get-away-with-a-high-deficit-if-its-feeling-lucky-64409
Newspaper Article
Brexit betting odds: lesson from Scotland is not promising for Leave
Bell D (2016) Brexit betting odds: lesson from Scotland is not promising for Leave. The Conversation. 06.06.2016. https://theconversation.com/brexit-betting-odds-lesson-from-scotland-is-not-promising-for-leave-60494
Article
Bell D & Eiser D (2016) Migration and fiscal policy as factors explaining the labour-market resilience of UK regions to the Great Recession. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 9 (1), pp. 197-215. https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsv029
Research Report
Adjusting Scotland's Block Grant for new Tax and Welfare Powers: Assessing the Options
Bell D, Eiser D & Phillips D (2015) Adjusting Scotland's Block Grant for new Tax and Welfare Powers: Assessing the Options. Institute for Fiscal Studies. http://www.ifs.org.uk/publications/8060
Article
Bell D & Eiser D (2015) The economic case for further fiscal decentralisation to Scotland: theoretical and empirical perspectives. National Institute Economic Review, 233 (1), pp. R27-R36. http://ner.sagepub.com/content/233/1.toc; https://doi.org/10.1177/002795011523300104
Research Report
Addressing inequality in Scotland: what can be done?
Bell D & Eiser D (2015) Addressing inequality in Scotland: what can be done?. David Hume Institute. http://www.davidhumeinstitute.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/Inequality-in-Scotland.pdf
Newspaper Article
Why Scotland is unlikely to become a welfare paradise
Bell D (2015) Why Scotland is unlikely to become a welfare paradise. The Conversation. 18.02.2015. https://theconversation.com/why-scotland-is-unlikely-to-become-a-welfare-paradise-37738
Article
The Happiness Trade-Off between Unemployment and Inflation
Blanchflower D, Bell D, Montagnoli A & Moro M (2014) The Happiness Trade-Off between Unemployment and Inflation. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 46 (S2), pp. 117-141. https://doi.org/10.1111/jmcb.12154
Research Report
Inequality in Scotland: new perspectives
Bell D, Eiser D & McGoldrick M (2014) Inequality in Scotland: new perspectives. Bell D (Editor), Eiser D (Editor) & McGoldrick M (Editor). David Hume Institute. http://www.davidhumeinstitute.com/images/stories/Research/DHI_Paper_Inequality_in_Scotland.pdf
Conference Paper (unpublished)
Redistribution and work incentives in an independent Scotland: opportunities and constraints
Eiser D, Bell D & Comerford D (2014) Redistribution and work incentives in an independent Scotland: opportunities and constraints. European Consortium for Political Research General Conference, Glasgow, 03.09.2014-06.09.2014. http://ecpr.eu/Filestore/CustomContent/GeneralConference/2014/GlasgowConferenceProgamme2014.pdf
Technical Report
Scotland's Fiscal Future in the UK
Bell D & Eiser D (2014) Scotland's Fiscal Future in the UK. http://esrcscotecon.files.wordpress.com/2014/09/scotlands-fiscal-future2.pdf
Edited Book
The Economic Consequences of Scottish Independence
Bell D, Eiser D & Beckmann K (eds.) (2014) The Economic Consequences of Scottish Independence. Hamburg, Germany: Helmut-Schmidt-Universitat/Universitat der Bundeswehr Hamburg. http://www.scotecon.org/pdf/SES-Indy-ebook.pdf
Newspaper Article
Osborne has squandered his last chance to sway referendum voters in Scotland
Bell D (2014) Osborne has squandered his last chance to sway referendum voters in Scotland. The Conversation. 20.03.2014. https://theconversation.com/osborne-has-squandered-his-last-chance-to-sway-referendum-voters-in-scotland-24508
Article
Funding pensions in Scotland: would independence matter?
Bell D, Comerford D & Eiser D (2014) Funding pensions in Scotland: would independence matter?. National Institute Economic Review, 227 (1), pp. R21-R31. https://doi.org/10.1177/002795011422700104
Article
Individual and Geographic Factors in the Formation of Care Networks in the UK
Bell D & Rutherford AC (2013) Individual and Geographic Factors in the Formation of Care Networks in the UK. Population, Space and Place, 19 (6), pp. 727-737. https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.1792
Article
Older Workers and Working Time
Bell D & Rutherford AC (2013) Older Workers and Working Time. The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, 1-2, pp. 28-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeoa.2013.08.001
Working Paper
Inequality in Scotland: trends, drivers, and implications for the independence debate
Bell D & Eiser D (2013) Inequality in Scotland: trends, drivers, and implications for the independence debate. http://esrcscotecon.files.wordpress.com/2013/11/inequality-paper-15-nov-final.pdf
Newspaper Article
Young unemployed suffer as casual staff are first in line for extra work
Bell D (2013) Young unemployed suffer as casual staff are first in line for extra work. The Conversation. 23.05.2013. https://theconversation.com/young-unemployed-suffer-as-casual-staff-are-first-in-line-for-extra-work-14191
Article
Free Personal Care for Older People: A Wider Perspective on Its Costs
Bell D, Rutherford AC & Wright RE (2013) Free Personal Care for Older People: A Wider Perspective on Its Costs. Fraser of Allander Institute Economic Commentary, 36 (3), pp. 69-76. http://www.strath.ac.uk/media/departments/economics/fairse/backissues/Fraser_Economic_Commentary_Vol_36,_No_3.pdf
Research Report
Counting the Cost of Choice and Control: Evidence for the costs of self-directed support in Scotland
Rummery K, Bell D, Bowes A, Dawson A & Roberts JE (2012) Counting the Cost of Choice and Control: Evidence for the costs of self-directed support in Scotland. Scottish Government. Scottish Government Social Research Series. Scottish Government Social Research. http://www.scotland.gov.uk/socialresearch
Article
Long-Term Care and the Housing Market
Bell D & Rutherford AC (2012) Long-Term Care and the Housing Market. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 59 (5), pp. 543 - 563. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9485.2012.00594.x
Article
Working Hours Constraints and Health
Bell D, Otterbach S & Sousa-Poza A (2012) Working Hours Constraints and Health. Annales d'Economie et de Statistique / Annals of Economics and Statistics, (105/106), pp. 35-54. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23646455
Working Paper
Long-Term Care and the Housing Market
Bell D & Rutherford AC (2012) Long-Term Care and the Housing Market. Stirling Economics Discussion Paper, 2012-13.
Article
Ethical implications of lifestyle monitoring data in ageing research
Bowes A, Dawson A & Bell D (2012) Ethical implications of lifestyle monitoring data in ageing research. Information Communication and Society, 15 (1), pp. 5-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2010.530673
Article
Young people and the great recession
Bell D & Blanchflower D (2011) Young people and the great recession. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 27 (2), pp. 241-267. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/grr011
Working Paper
Council Tax Proposals in the Scottish Election 2011
Bell D (2011) Council Tax Proposals in the Scottish Election 2011. Stirling Economics Discussion Paper, 2011-10.
Working Paper
Youth Unemployment in Europe and the United States
Bell D & Blanchflower D (2011) Youth Unemployment in Europe and the United States. IZA Discussion Paper, 5673. http://www.iza.org/en/webcontent/publications/papers/viewAbstract?dp_id=5673
Working Paper
The Crisis, Policy Reactions and Attitudes to Globalization and Jobs
Bell D & Blanchflower D (2011) The Crisis, Policy Reactions and Attitudes to Globalization and Jobs. IZA Discussion Paper, 5680. http://www.iza.org/en/webcontent/publications/papers/viewAbstract?dp_id=5680
Article
Underemployment in the UK in the Great Recession
Bell D & Blanchflower D (2011) Underemployment in the UK in the Great Recession. National Institute Economic Review, 215 (1), pp. R23-R33. https://doi.org/10.1177/0027950111401141
Article
Disability, welfare and labour force participation of older workers in Europe
Bell D & McVicar D (2010) Disability, welfare and labour force participation of older workers in Europe. Twenty-First Century Society, 5 (3), pp. 261-277. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?partnerID=yv4JPVwI&eid=2-s2.0-78149254354&md5=babe30dc90f604bfea24242d0e080873; https://doi.org/10.1080/17450144.2010.480830
Article
UK unemployment in the great recession
Bell D & Blanchflower D (2010) UK unemployment in the great recession. National Institute Economic Review, 214 (1), pp. R3-R25. https://doi.org/10.1177/0027950110389755
Article
Warner G, Blum JM, Jones S, Lambert P, Turner KJ, Tan KLL, Dawson A & Bell D (2010) A Social Science Data Fusion Tool and the Data Management through e-Social Science (DAMES) Infrastructure. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. A: Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 368 (1925), pp. 3859-3873. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2010.0159
Article
Recession and unemployment in the OECD
Bell D & Blanchflower D (2010) Recession and unemployment in the OECD. CESifo Forum, 11 (1), pp. 14-22. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?partnerID=yv4JPVwI&eid=2-s2.0-77955824831&md5=edafeabcf52855ffba15d9487579a9bd
Working Paper
Bell D & Blanchflower D (2010) Youth Unemployment: Deja Vu?. Stirling Economics Discussion Paper, 2010-04.
Working Paper
Bell D & Hart RA (2010) Retire Later or Work Harder?. Stirling Economics Discussion Paper, 2010-03.
Research Report
Analysis of the Costs of Domiciliary and Personal Care in Wales: Some Direct Evidence
Bell D & Dawson A (2009) Analysis of the Costs of Domiciliary and Personal Care in Wales: Some Direct Evidence. Welsh Government. Welsh Assembly Government.
Article
The Disability Discrimination Act in the UK: Helping or hindering employment among the disabled?
Bell D & Heitmueller A (2009) The Disability Discrimination Act in the UK: Helping or hindering employment among the disabled?. Journal of Health Economics, 28 (2), pp. 465-480. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2008.10.006
Working Paper
What should be done about rising unemployment in the UK?
Bell D & Blanchflower D (2009) What should be done about rising unemployment in the UK?. Stirling Economics Discussion Paper, 2009-06.
Article
Bell D (2009) Long-term care solutions. Community Care, (1753), pp. 6-6.
Working Paper
Bell D (2008) Fiscal Federalism in the UK. Stirling Economics Discussion Paper, 2008-15.
Research Report
Free Personal Care in Scotland: Recent Developments
Bell D, Bowes A & Dawson A (2007) Free Personal Care in Scotland: Recent Developments. Joseph Rowntree Foundation. York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation. http://www.jrf.org.uk/sites/files/jrf/2075-scotland-care-older-people.pdf
Article
Free Personal Care for Older People in Scotland: Issues and Implications
Bowes A & Bell D (2007) Free Personal Care for Older People in Scotland: Issues and Implications. Social Policy and Society, 6 (3), pp. 435-445. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1474746407003740
Article
Bell D, Elliott RF, Ma A, Scott A & Roberts JE (2007) The pattern and evolution of geographical wage differentials in the public and private sectors in Great Britain. Manchester School, 75 (4), pp. 386-421. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9957.2007.01023.x
Article
The Scots may be brave but they are neither healthy nor happy
Bell D & Blanchflower D (2007) The Scots may be brave but they are neither healthy nor happy. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 54 (2), pp. 166-194. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9485.2007.00410.x
Article
Geographically differentiated pay in the labour market for nurses
Elliott RF, Ma A, Scott A, Bell D & Roberts JE (2007) Geographically differentiated pay in the labour market for nurses. Journal of Health Economics, 26 (1), pp. 190-212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2006.05.002
Article
Annualised hours contracts: the way forward in labour market flexibility?
Bell D & Hart RA (2003) Annualised hours contracts: the way forward in labour market flexibility?. National Institute Economic Review, 185 (1), pp. 64-77. https://doi.org/10.1177/00279501031851008
Article
Wages, hours, and overtime premia: evidence from the British labor market
Bell D & Hart RA (2003) Wages, hours, and overtime premia: evidence from the British labor market. Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 56 (3), pp. 470-480. https://doi.org/10.2307/3590919
Research Report
Unpaid Work in the Workplace: a Comparison of Germany and the UK
Bell D, Gaj A, Hart RA, Hubler O & Schwerdt W (2001) Unpaid Work in the Workplace: a Comparison of Germany and the UK. Anglo-German Foundation for the Study of Industrial Society. Anglo-German Foundation for the Study of Industrial Society.
Book Chapter
The Financial Powers of the Parliament
Dow S & Bell D (2000) The Financial Powers of the Parliament. In: Hassan I & Warhurst C (eds.) The New Scottish Politics: The first year of the Scottish Parliament and beyond. Edinburgh: The Stationary Office, pp. 93-97. http://www.tsoshop.co.uk/bookstore.asp?FO=1160013&Action=Book&ProductID=9780114972806&From=Subject
Article
Bell D & Hart RA (1999) Unpaid work. Economica, 66 (262), pp. 271-290. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0335.00169
Article
Working time in Great Britain, 1975-1994: Evidence from the new earnings survey panel data
Bell D & Hart RA (1998) Working time in Great Britain, 1975-1994: Evidence from the new earnings survey panel data. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society – Series A, 161 (3), pp. 327-348. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-985X.00112
Article
Economic Policy Options for a Scottish Parliament
Bell D & Dow S (1995) Economic Policy Options for a Scottish Parliament. Scottish Affairs, (13), pp. 42-67.
Research Report
Relocation of Enterprises to Central Region: An Evaluation
Hart RA & Bell D (1991) Relocation of Enterprises to Central Region: An Evaluation. Central Region. Central Region Location Study.
Research Report
Employment Effects of Trade Liberalisation in Services
Hart RA, Bell D, Brown CV, Foster J, Harrigan F, McGregor PG & Syme P (1988) Employment Effects of Trade Liberalisation in Services. European Commission. Commission of the European Communities.
Research Report
Hart RA, Bell D, Frees R, Kawasaki S & Woodbury SA (1988) Recent Trends in Non-Wage Labour Costs and Their Effects on Employment: Japan, United Kingdom, United States and West Germany. European Commission. Commission of the European Communities.
Research Report
Hart RA, Bell D & Kirwan FX (1980) Non-Wage Labour Costs, Their Importance and Effects: A Comparative Study of the United Kingdom, Germany and Italy. European Commission. Programme of Research and Actions on the Development of Labour Markets, 79/14. Commission of the European Communities.
Article
The Regional Demand for Labour Services
Bell D & Hart RA (1980) The Regional Demand for Labour Services. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 27 (2), pp. 140-151. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9485.1980.tb00563.x